Much needs to take place at NS. Trains need to be converted or upgraded so they can use both ATB and ERTMS. Together with the entire organisation, the ERTMS@NS programme team is preparing for the implementation of a service schedule under ERTMS. That is why NS is also working on training, planning and changing processes and systems. The future users of ERTMS, such as train drivers, maintenance engineers and planners, are the focal point. The Nederlandse Spoorwegen are reimbursed for the conversion to ERTMS under their concession to provide public transportation.